Leave To Appeal An Arbitration Award
January 30, 2025 By Mark Mikulasik Section 45(1) of the Arbitration Act, 1991 (the “Arbitration Act“) provides: 45(1) If the arbitration agreement does not deal with appeals on questions of law, a party may appeal an award to the court on a question of law with leave, which the court shall grant only if it is satisfied […]
Piercing The Corporate Veil Revisited
January 9, 2025 By Nick Melchiorre We have recently written an article on the test for “piercing the corporate veil” to find officers, directors or others personally responsible for the corporation’s fault. That article was based on a recent Ontario Court of Appeal decision. As discussed in that article, the test for piercing the corporate […]
Are Restrictive Covenants Enforceable in Ontario?
November 7, 2024 By Brian Babcock There was a lot of publicity when Ontario amended the Employment Standards Act to make certain restrictive covenants unenforceable. This has created some confusion, with people mistakenly believing that ALL restrictive covenants are unenforceable in court. To begin to understand this, we must first note that the ban only […]
Oral Evidence May Not Help You Win
November 5, 2024 By Mark Mikulasik We have talked about the advantages of putting a contract in writing. THE ISSUE You need to be aware that if you put the contract in writing, particularly if it deals with land, evidence of a witness (as opposed to written evidence) will not be admitted if it contradicts […]
Is That Non-Compete Enforceable?
October 15, 2024 By Nick Melchiorre Non-compete agreements are common in employment contracts and sales of businesses. They are not always enforceable. Public policy favours vigorous competition, to maintain a free market for goods or services. Non-compete agreements will only be enforced if the party who benefits from the agreement has a legitimate interest that […]
When Are Directors Personally Liable?
August 27, 2024 By Brian Babcock The general rule is that directors and officers of a corporation cannot be sued for the wrongful acts of the corporation. This is a corollary to the principle that corporations have their own legal identity, as if they are persons. Except corporations cannot think like people can, so the […]
When Corporate Records Go Missing
August 8, 2024 By Mark Mikulasik Good corporate record keeping is important. But for the case discussed in this article, we might have said that it is essential. THE ISSUE But what happens if the corporate minute book and other records are missing, and a dispute arises? THE CASE Family business disputes can be exceptionally […]
Restrictive Covenants and Restraint of Trade
July 18, 2024 By Nick Melchiorre When is a restrictive covenant an unlawful restraint of trade? THE CASE The Ontario Court of Appeal takes a deep dive into the issue in 7868073 Canada Ltd. v. 1841978 Ontario Inc. and provides some guidance, but ultimately leaves the question open for another day. Why do they do […]
Is Your Not-For-Profit Corporation Compliant?
June 25, 2024 By Kyle Costa Are you a director or officer of an Ontario incorporated not-for-profit corporation? If so, are you aware of important changes happening later this year? Ontario’s Not-for-Profit Corporations Act, 2010 (commonly referred to as the “ONCA”) came into force on October 19, 2021, and its provisions apply automatically to all corporations without […]
Remedies For Breach Of Mareva Injunctions
May 30, 2024 By Mark Mikulasik What is a Mareva Injunction? Th Ontario Court of appeal describes this relief in the case of Buduchnist Credit Union Limited v. 2321197 Ontario Inc. at paragraph 45: Mareva injunctive orders restrain the defendant and others from improperly disposing of or dealing with their assets in order to prevent […]